动物造模,药效评价 z-bio 2024-09-23 267

　　There are 7 species of filarial parasites that parasitize the human body, of which only Bansheen filarial and Malay filarial are prevalent in China. Adult Malayan silk worms parasitize the superficial lymphatic system of the upper and lower limbs of the human body and are transmitted through mosquitoes. After mating in the settled tissue, the female produces microfilaments. Microfilaments can remain in lymphatic fluid, but often circulate in the human bloodstream through the thoracic duct. During the day, microfilaments remain in the pulmonary blood vessels, while at night (from 8pm to 4am) they appear in the peripheral blood, exhibiting a nocturnal periodicity. In some areas, microfilaments can be detected in the peripheral blood of patients day and night, presenting as sub periodic or non periodic types. There are many issues that need to be studied and resolved in terms of the biological characteristics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and screening of therapeutic drugs of silk worms. Domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of work in establishing silk worm animal models. In addition to conducting experiments on large animals such as cats, monkeys, and ferrets, many experiments have also been conducted on small animals such as rodents. In the 1970s, China established a periodic model of the Malayan silk worm long clawed sand rat. However, after a long period of passage, the larvae of the Malayan silk worm found it difficult to develop and reproduce in the body of the long clawed sand rat, resulting in a decline of the Malayan silk worm after passage by the sand rat. Cheng Wenfang et al. used hybrid mice obtained by crossbreeding long clawed sand mice with mice for the study of periodic Malay filarial hybrid mouse models. They believe that although hybrid mice have practical value and development prospects, their infection rate is not high and further research is needed. Li Caihe et al. used domestic cats to study sub periodic animal models and conducted comparative observations on the infection of periodic and sub periodic Malassezia using domestic cats. They believed that sub periodic Malassezia was more likely to infect Chinese domestic cats than periodic Malassezia, and Chinese domestic cats could be good animals for sub periodic Malassezia. However, further research is needed to determine whether there are regional differences in susceptibility of domestic cats. Fang Renli et al. experimentally infected KM mice with periodic Malassezia, and the results showed that periodic Malassezia could develop into adults and produce microfilaments in KM mice. As for whether further mouse to mouse transmission can be used as a novel animal model, further research is needed. Liu Rongxing et al. conducted modeling studies on BALB/cCR strain mice inoculated with different ages of Malayan silk worms. They found that transplanting 40d larvae or 90d and 100d adults into mice not only allowed them to continue developing into adults and produce positive peritoneal microfilaments, but also achieved a higher survival rate.

　　(1) Method of replication: ① Collect and count the L3 larvae of the Malay silk worm during the infection stage that have developed inside mosquitoes. ② Select male KM mice, aged 20-30 days and weighing around 18-20g Each mouse was intraperitoneally inoculated with 100-200 L3.

　　(2) Model features: 1-3 days after inoculation, L3 parasites are active in the abdominal cavity. At 8 days, most of the larvae were enveloped or semi enveloped by inflammatory cells, and their movement was slow. The mouse abdominal cavity showed congestion and inflammation. At 12-13 days, some larvae are still enveloped by inflammatory cells, and some larvae begin to molt and enter stage IV. The fourth stage larvae (14-30 days after infection) enter the juvenile stage (30-60 days after infection) after four molts, and the adult stage is reached 60-90 days after the reproductive organs of the juvenile mature. Microfilaments can be detected in the abdominal cavity 91-129 days after vaccination (most of them die, possibly related to the host or survival nutritional environment). The infection rate of male mice (65%) is higher than that of female mice (13.33%). But in terms of its model, the infection rate is not ideal.

　　(3) The number of parasitic Malayan silk worms in medical mice directly affects the development of silk worms, with fewer worms leading to better development. Different animals have varying susceptibility to Malassezia, and the development of Malassezia varies in different hosts. There is a relatively sufficient understanding of the consequences of human contact with certain parasitic filarial worms, but there is still limited information on the possible manifestations that may occur after infection with animal parasitic filarial worms. There may be differences in symptoms, immunity, and especially pathology between human and animal filarial infections. It is necessary to replicate animal models of other classes. This model animal can be used for research on the biological characteristics of filariasis, the pathogenesis of filariasis, immunodiagnosis, pathology, epidemiology, and screening of anti filariasis drugs.