动物造模,药效评价,慢性肾衰竭 z-bio 2024-09-20 319

　　1. Modeling material animals: female Wistar rats weighing 150-170g; Drug: Ether.

　　2. The modeling method involves ligating and removing 3/4 of the left kidney through a lumbar and back incision under ether anesthesia. One week later, the right kidney is removed, with a total of 7/8 kidneys removed to establish a chronic renal insufficiency model.

　　3. The modeling principle is to establish a chronic renal failure model in rats by removing 7/8 of the kidneys.

　　4. Changes in serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine clearance rate after modeling: Serum creatinine and urea nitrogen increased progressively after modeling, while serum creatinine clearance rate decreased significantly after modeling. The serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine clearance rate of the normal group remained at their original levels.

　　The control group showed typical changes in serum calcium and phosphorus during uremia, with most animals exhibiting hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. The quantification of urinary protein in the modeling group significantly increased after surgery.

　　Morphological changes in renal tissue: The normal group showed no abnormal changes either visually or histologically. The module appears enlarged to the naked eye, and the surface of the kidney tissue is uneven, yellow, and even white. Under an optical microscope, the glomeruli of the model were significantly enlarged, with obvious mesangial matrix proliferation, adhesion to Bowman's capsule, formation of cellular or fibrotic seminiferous bodies, global sclerosis or hyalinization, dilation of renal tubules, degeneration, necrosis, and shedding of epithelial cells, infiltration and fibrosis of stromal cells, and thickening of small vessel walls. Under electron microscopy, most of the glomerular capillary lumens are narrowed, even occluded, and hardened. At the same time, epithelial cell swelling, foot process fusion, vacuolar degeneration, protein particles in the cell body, significant expansion of the mesangial area, obvious proliferation and hardening of the mesangial matrix, adhesion to the renal capsule, deposition of fibrin, swelling and degeneration of endothelial cells, and formation of a crescent shaped body can be observed.