动物造模,药效评价,食管静脉曲张 z-bio 2024-08-26 439

　　(1) After fasting and water deprivation for 8 hours, rats were anesthetized using conventional methods. They were fixed in a supine position on the operating table, and the skin was cut 2.5-3.0cm in the center of the abdomen. The abdominal cavity was opened along the white line of the abdomen; Use physiological saline gauze to press down on the intestinal tract and lift up the liver lobes to expose the hepatoduodenal ligament. Gently separate the main portal vein at the porta hepatis, place a blunt 19 gauge needle parallel to the main portal vein, tie the main portal vein to the needle with a 3-0 gauge silk thread, and then carefully withdraw the needle to restore partial filling at the portal vein ligation site; Then wrap the two ends of the ligature around the portal vein, gently retract but do not tighten, to avoid completely blocking the portal vein blood flow; The two ends of the ligature are respectively threaded out of the body and fixed subcutaneously, taking care not to have tension in the abdominal line. Then move the transverse colon and small intestine upwards and to the right along the left side of the mesentery of the small intestine, exposing the left kidney and left renal vein. A small blood vessel can be seen to flow from the left adrenal gland into the left renal vein under the naked eye. Slightly separate and ligate this small branch; Separate the left adrenal gland, ligate visible small blood vessel branches, and use gauze to compress and bleed a small amount of blood. After surgery, suture and administer food. On the 7th day after surgery, tighten the subcutaneous suture to completely block the portal vein. Two weeks after complete ligation, a portal hypertension esophageal variceal model can be formed, with significantly increased portal vein pressure and a significant increase in the number and cross-sectional area of submucosal blood vessels in the lower esophagus.

　　(2) Model features: This model can be used to prepare a rat esophageal varices model, and the method is concise. Low cost. However, it should be noted that the first ligation of the portal vein should not be excessive, preferably not exceeding one-third; The portal vein ligation line should be placed as close to the hepatic portal as possible, above the confluence of the right gastric vein, and as far away from the confluence as possible; Before closing the abdomen after surgery, try to avoid the incision on the abdominal wall as much as possible with the greater omentum, and lead the right upper abdominal portal vein ligation line out of the abdominal wall.

　　(3) Comparative medicine has found in long-term research that partial ligation of the portal vein cannot achieve the goal of continuously increasing portal pressure in the long term. Complete ligation in one go can also prevent the blood in the portal vein system from flowing back to the animal and cause it to die quickly. However, two-step ligation can completely block the portal vein and ensure animal safety. In addition, studies have found that an increase in portal vein pressure forms a natural shunt between the portal vein and the left renal vein via the left adrenal vein. Therefore, ligating collateral circulation other than the esophageal collateral can improve the success rate of the model.