动物造模,药效评价,神经压迫致高血压 z-bio 2024-08-21 378

　　(1) After routine anesthesia in adult experimental dogs, endotracheal intubation was performed, and right femoral artery intubation was performed. A multi-channel physiological recorder was connected to monitor blood pressure. Place the experimental dog in a lateral position and rotate it towards the non-surgical side by 30 ° -45 °. Make a straight incision of about 5cm along the posterior midline of the dog, reaching up to the center of the occipital muscle and down to the C2 level, exposing the occipital crest. Use a grinder to remove some mastoid and occipital bones, forming a bone window with a diameter of 1cm; Expose the posterior cranial nerves under a microscope, carefully identify the vagus nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, and accessory nerve, and carefully separate the adjacent anterior inferior cerebellar artery or posterior inferior cerebellar artery from the outer medulla to the dorsal lateral aspect of the cerebellum. Release the proximal segment 1-1.5cm and attach it to the left glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve outlet brainstem segment of the medulla oblongata to directly compress it. Place a silicone or latex balloon on the outer side of the blood vessel to support it and prevent displacement. Starting from 1 hour after surgery, systolic blood pressure (SAP), diastolic blood pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) began to increase. After 6 weeks, blood pressure remained at a high level, with SAP showing a greater increase than DAP; After HR surgery, there was a significant increase compared to before surgery, and through magnetic resonance tomography angiography, it was found that there were signs of vascular compression in the IX and X cranial nerves and the ventral lateral medulla oblongata of the model dog. This surgery can also be performed on cats.

　　(2) Model features: Previously, this type of model used a balloon to directly compress nerves. Now, it uses a microscope to directly separate the anterior or posterior inferior cerebellar arteries near the left medulla oblongata, and then uses a balloon to support and fix them. It is placed on the ventral outer side of the left medulla oblongata, at the REZ of the IX and X cranial nerves, and forms compression, simulating the compression relationship between blood vessels and the left medulla oblongata, IX, and X cranial nerves under primary hypertension to the greatest extent possible. Its stability and repeatability are superior to balloon compression devices and greater omentum compression methods.

　　(3) The comparative medicine model provides a realistic simulation of the pathogenesis of clinical neurogenic hypertension, with no significant differences in blood pressure and heart rate during the postoperative observation stages, good stability, and reliable results. But the surgery is more complex, and the shape of the dog skull varies greatly. Before the surgery, spiral CT (SCT) and MR examination are needed to understand the anatomical structure and bony landmarks of the dog skull and guide the surgical approach. This type of model is rarely applied.