动物造模,药效评价 z-bio 2024-07-01 303

　　(1) The replication method used selective breeding of female rats born at the same time period. On the 8th day of age, female rats were subcutaneously injected with testosterone propionate at a dose of 1.25mg/animal in the neck and back, and weaned on the 22nd day of age. On the 70th day of age (rat weight approximately 150g), the vaginal opening was opened and vaginal smears were continuously applied for 2 sexual cycles (1 sexual cycle for 5 days). There was no change in the vaginal epithelium during the sexual cycle, indicating the successful creation of an anovulatory rat model. Blood samples were collected to detect the levels of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HI-AA), β - endorphin (β - EOP), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), zinc (Zn), ketone (Cu), and iron (Fe), and vaginal cytology and uterine and ovarian tissue morphology were performed.

　　(2) Model characteristics: The uterus of the animal is small, the color is not rosy, the ovaries are pale, and follicles are visible on the surface, but the number of follicles is small, and there is no corpus luteum; The uterine index, ovarian index, and pituitary gland all significantly decreased; The content of NE and DA significantly decreased; The content of 5-HT and 5-HIAA significantly increased, while the NE/DA and NE/5-HT ratios significantly decreased; The content of β - EOP significantly increased; The levels of serum E2, P, Zn, Cu, and Fe all significantly decreased. Vaginal smears show confusion, no periodic changes, thin endometrium, few glands, no obvious secretion, and a significant decrease in the total number of follicles and corpus luteum at all levels; Microscopic examination shows that not only are the number of follicles in rats small, but also many follicles are cystic and dilated, containing a large amount of serous material. The granulosa cells in the follicle wall are sparse, and the layers are significantly reduced. The structure of the egg cells is unclear, or the follicles are in their original state.

　　(3) Comparative medical sex hormone application methods include the application of estrogen to male animals, such as intramuscular injection of estradiol benzoate, diethylstilbestrol, etc; Apply androgens to female animals, such as intramuscular injection of testosterone propionate, methyltestosterone, etc. This method simulates the trend of changes in hormone levels in elderly patients in clinical practice, that is, the dysfunction of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis leads to a disruption of the relative balance of sex hormones. Men exhibit a downward trend in plasma testosterone (T) levels, an increase in estradiol (E2) levels, and a decrease in T/E2 ratio, while women exhibit the opposite trend. Its pathological changes are the endocrine basis for kidney deficiency symptoms such as male impotence, premature ejaculation, and female anovulation, and are considered a more effective model of kidney deficiency sexual dysfunction.